Forgive Me Mother Essay

Its strange how memories of the past can be so terrifying. The thoughts and the occurring dreams are always similar. I would remember longing for a summer where the summers light would beam on my body with the warmth of the sun. Winter was worse because I was terrified by the cold thick air that I would inhale inside my thin body until it feels I was shivering to death. The feeling of being alone , I couldn’t even sleep at night without being terrified; not because of being alone , but knowing my life would dwell with no hope for me for the future. I would see paranormal faces of my father. The haunting face would stare at me with such gentle eyes , yet sad. It’s like he was watching over me. Years ago when I had a family, loving yet annoyingly humorous in a family sense that I miss. We were having dinner with the family with just me , my mother and father. My mother was preparing the food and my father was coming home from work. However he never came back and my mother was worried and panicked. I was still too naà ¯ve to understand the situation fully back then. Hell I don’t even know how old I am anymore since I’ve lost track of time. I cried at first because my mother was always the strong type in the family. It was the first time I’ve seen her cry and the emotions inside of me wanted me to cry with her. He never came back and the authority’s told us he went missing. He was the provider of the family and we were financially unstable. My mother had to look for work , so she left to the city. She told me she would call me when she would be back. Once she left , the people who collects debt knocked on my door and seized the house. I had no place to go and so I left to find shelter and food. I got hired a job in a local newspaper agency to hand out flyers to neighbour streets. It was so cold but I never gave up hoping my mother would come back and take care of me. She couldn’t take me with her because she could only afford enough for herself to travel. We lived in a small town surrounded by snow somewhere in the upper regions of South Korea. One day while I was sleeping in the corner of the streets. A man walked pass with a white hat and apron with a grin on his cheeks. He looked at me for a couple of minutes. I was scared so I didn’t look back at him out of fear. I hear footsteps coming towards me and I was about to run. He asked â€Å"Why are you out in the streets alone at your age? , How old are you?†. I replied in a low voice ‘I don’t know†. He had a strange look on his face and asked me where my guardians was. I replied to him that I don’t know either. He asked me more questions which I all replied â€Å"I Don’t know†. I looked up and saw his face. He was a old man with a beard and had a stick on him which looked like it was supporting him move. It was a silent cold night and I’m not sure why he would be walking around at this time. He asked if I would like to work at his restaurant with cleaning and get paid for it. With nothing to lose I gladly accepted his offer. He took me to his place , it didn’t seem what he said it was. The restaurant looked like a dump and I only saw girls on the front door outside of the restaurant wearing what looked like beach clothing in cold weather. I was suspicious but I had nowhere to go and I didn’t know the way back from here. I followed the old man and he took me into a small room with 10 other children. At first I thought he was taking care of us until there was only girls in the room coming in and out one by one with a man. This isn’t a restaurant I suspected. I was disgusted and tried to leave but they didn’t let me leave. Pushing and crying to get out. They pulled me back , held both my hands and chucked me into a room by myself and locked the doors. Suddenly someone said *Calm down or they will punish you*. I stoped and looked for the source of the sound. The room had a little vent which leads to the other rooms. I whispered to the girl â€Å"What is this place† in a panicking voice. She told me it was a brothel where everyone gets kidnapped and rape for money by strangers. I asked her I was a male, â€Å"what do they want from me?† She told me she doesn’t know either. I didn’t want to find out , my life was already crumbling and now this. There was a medicine cabinet inside the room. I searched inside and found sleeping pills , I remember taking these when I lived with my parents. I could never sleep so the doctor prescribed me sleeping pills. I tried to sleep but I couldn’t out of the fear what was going to happen to me. I suggested to myself I should take these pills and ease things. I took the bottle of medicine from the cabinet. One wasn’t enough for me so I thought. I took more and more until I was feeling dizzy. I counted how many times and how much I’ve taken. But I lost count and started again. I needed more and I needed my peaceful slumber. I was scared to think what was going to happen and kept taking more and more pills until I could feel the bottom of the container. My body begins to weaken and I could no longer feel my fingers. My eyelids begin to shutdown. Soon darkness was all I could see , I felt a hollowing in a room with darkness and suspended in time. Forgive me mother I love you.

The Metaphors of Ted Hughes

Ted Hughes is considered to be one of the best poets that had ever lived, he is also considered a favorite among poetry enthusiast even up to this day.   His works are considered as included to the canons of poetry that are being studied and being used as references in many learning institutions worldwide.   Ted Hughes and his poems popularity didn’t gain worldwide acceptance just because of his highly criticized and controversial marriage to another popular writer, Sylvia Plath.   His poems are just that terrific, in fact, he is considered as the best poet of his generation by many critics.   He has this unique and impeccable grasp of the language that he wields on his poetry.His poetry became known for the resonant language that rings in the subconscious of the readers, vivid and rich imagery that opens the eyes of the readers, the cadence and speech rhythms that keep the readers’ hearts pounding to every beat.   Among these elements of poetry that had made Ted Hughes an immortal in the world of literature is the metaphors, metaphors that simply act like an addictive substance that keeps the audience wanting for more, poem after another.   This may well be the reason why Ted Hughes’ poetry became so widely read.Ted Hughes’ choice and use of metaphorsTed Hughes’ choice and use of metaphors are basically depending on the topic that his poems wish to tackle.   He was quite very fond of using mythology and folklore as metaphors to describe contemporary topics. He also had employed animals and natural phenomena to show how he views human nature and the condition of human living.   She also had some metaphors for her wife Sylvia Plath. Those poems had later received a barrage of criticisms from the supporters of Sylvia Plath (Heptonstall).Ted Hughes is certainly one of the best wielders of metaphors to sharpen his poetry. It just shows that the range of the types of metaphors is of a wide range. It even seems that Ted Hughes can utilize anything as a metaphor.A very notable thing about his use of metaphors is that even though most of the metaphors are items that can be seen everyday and sometimes even taken for granted, the use of the metaphors is still gripping and interesting. It is undeniable that the metaphors that he uses are quite clichà ©s as they were already used by many poets that preceded him. But the admirable fact is that Ted Hughes has this unique talent of transforming clichà ©s into something fresh and interesting.Mythology and folklore as Ted Hughes’ metaphorsTed Hughes has this fascination with the mythological and folkloric. It just shows because of the many poems that he had written that employs the mythological and folkloric as his metaphors. One of the most famous of these poems is entitled â€Å"The Minotaur.† The poem is quite shall I say spooky in tone â€Å"left your mother a dead end had brought you to the horned bellowing grave of your risen father and your own corpse within it.† (Hughes)Other poems that had also displayed Ted Hughes fascination with the mythological and folkloric are: his adaptation of the famous Greek tragedy â€Å"Oedipus Rex† that he had given the title â€Å"Orghast,† and his adaptation of the famous tormented Greek hero Prometheus that he had given a witty and catchy title, â€Å"Prometheus in His Crag.† (Heptonstall) Ted Hughes fascination with the mythological and folkloric just tells us that he is a well-read poet and he has respect and appreciation for those who had written before him.The natural world used as metaphors by Ted HughesTed Hughes is known for being close to nature, actually, his sensitivity towards nature is renowned and admired by other poets. His poems about the natural world became models for aspiring poets for generations.AnimalsTed Hughes is actually considered by many as the poet of animals (Heptonstall). He had written many poems that had utilized anim als as the main metaphors. The number of his poems about animals could cover even cover several anthologies. To discuss them all would exceed the pages allowed for this essay. To name some of the most famous of them we have â€Å"The Jaguar,† â€Å"The Crow Poem,† and his signature poem and most anthologized â€Å"The Thought-Fox.†NatureHe had shown his appreciation for the natural world in his poem â€Å"Pike† which was set in the seaside. Ted Hughes had displayed in a single line his perception of the sea during his writing of this poem â€Å"None grow rich in the sea†¦Ã¢â‚¬  (Hughes) In this poem, Ted Hughes had portrayed the sea as a scary place. But that fear doesn’t mean that he has a literal fear for the ocean like he has some phobia of swimming. That fear means that he respects the sea, with amazement to its duality of sheer power and undeniable beauty.Another example of how Ted Hughes had utilized nature as a metaphor is in his poem entitled â€Å"The Beach.† This poem was suppose to be about her wife Sylvia Plath, about her depression and frustrations on her constant quest for â€Å"true† freedom. Here is an excerpt from the poem â€Å"you crave like oxygen American early summers yourself burnt dark some prophecy mislaid somehow England was so poor† (Hughes)Ted Hughes metaphors for Sylvia PlathTed Hughes and Sylvia Plath’s marriage and relationship is probably the most controversial union in the writing world. Both of them were excellent writers, actually considered the best of their generation, and that fact had initially given us the impression that it was a match made in heaven. Then, the world was shocked when Sylvia Plath had taken her own life. Many blame Ted Hughes and their failed marriage as the main reason why Sylvia Plath had committed suicide. Here is an example of how Ted Hughes had used metaphors, in this case a fox, to describe her failing marriage with Sylvia Plath â€Å"I had grasped that whatever comes with a fox is a test of marriage and proves it a marriage I would not have failed it? But I had failed our marriage had failed.† (Hughes)ConclusionTed Hughes’s grasp of the poetic element called metaphors is definitely undeniable. His strength as a poet is definitely displayed by his wide range of topics that he can use a metaphor. He is able to convey his ideas through the identities of the metaphors that he employs. Through that style, he is able to keep his poems fresh and always interesting to read and hear. Ted Hughes’ use of rich metaphors supplies the readers a link as to what these metaphors has to say. Moreover, since he is quite notorious for always employing metaphors in his poems, the readers are always looking forward to reading and hearing his poetry since they know that metaphors are used as symbols that poetry enthusiasts are always very interested to unearth the hidden meanings.Works CitedHeptonstall, Geof frey.  Ã¢â‚¬Å"Ted Hughes: New Selected Poems, 1957-1994.†Ã‚  ContemporaryReview  266.n1553  (June 1995):  330(2).  General OneFile.  Gale.  Winter Park HighSchool.  24 Mar. 2008  .Hughes, Ted. Poems

Gay Marriage: The Controversial Issue Essay

Gay marriage has been an ongoing controversial issue. Many other countries have legalized gay marriage for decades and the United States is just beginning to pick up on the trend. While many people believe that gay marriage will stem many problems in both the short run and the long run, it is an issue of discrimination if we were to put a law banning gay marriage. Currently the United States are split up with some states supporting gay marriage and others that do not. There are 19 states that have legalized gay marriage and there are 31 states that have made gay marriage illegal. While those who oppose gay marriage have their reasons, those reasons are unjust and an infringement on the rights of the citizens of the United States. We are the land of the free with the right to the pursuit of happiness. There are many issues concerning the banning of gay marriage. We the people are protected under the First Amendment of the Constitution which states that the people’s religious views are protected. Haters of gay marriage claim that marriage is sanctioned by the church and that it is a sin in regards to their religion and their bible. But that is exactly the point. In the United States we are a diverse community. There are so many different religions in the United States that we have cease to acknowledge just one religion, in fact, we have never just acknowledged just one religion. Using the church and the bible to outcast gay marriage is an act of discrimination and a violation to those people’s individual rights. History has proven that acceptance of minority groups has led to a more unified nation where people from different ethnicity or culture can mingle together in one society. The issue of slavery has been handled and now African americans co-exist with our societ y just like any other person. The issue of interracial marriage has been handled and now there are happy families with different cultures living a normal life just like anyone else. What gives anyone the right to claim that gay marriage won’t yield the same result? There are also benefits that married couples have that gay married couples do not have when their marriage isn’t recognized. Marriage status affects many things such as tax filing status, joint ownerships in property, insurance benefits, and  critical medical decisions. Some people argue that people may take advantage of this situation by abusing the system to gain benefits for themselves. That may be true, however, how can you deny those who legitimately want the benefits because they are truthfully married without a second hidden agenda? If one member of the couple had a serious medical emergency and needed their spouse approval for a surgery what would happen if they were not allowed to make that decision? It’s unfair to deny gay married couples their right to the benefits we have because people don’t approve of them. These people want to live a normal life just as much as we do. In fact it is not their chose that they have to live this way. Studies have evidence that homosexuality is caused by biological reasons. During fetal development there are switches that trigger which impacts sexual development regarding their sexuality and other various sexual characteristics such as masculinity and femininity traits. Individuals in gay couples have either stronger masculine or feminine characteristics due to this. People with medical disorders are also born in this exact way so why do we discriminate against gay couples? They did not choose to be born this way. They just were. If we discriminate against gay couples then we might as well discriminate against everybody with medical disorders as well. If you think about it, our society provides an undesirable living condition for gay couples. People make fun of them; gay bashers beat people up, and many other cruel things. Why would people choose to live that lifestyle if they could help it? These people cannot deny their true nature and we are discriminating on them because of it. One of the most important reasons why gay marriage should be allowed is because marriage is about more than just a title of two people being bounded by law. Marriage is the ultimate expression of love between two people who want to live the rest of their lives with the person they love the most. Marriage is a sacred concept that is the ultimate form of love. We allow a man and a woman to express that symbolic nature of love, therefore, it is unfair to deny gay couples the right to express their love as well. A man and a woman are not the only two entities that can love each other. A man and a man or a woman and a woman can love each other just as much as a man and a woman can. What some gay couples will do is go to a state that has legalized gay marriage and get married there. Then if they go to any other state the state has to recognize their marriage because of the Full Faith and Credit Clause  protected by the Constitution. Therefore, there is a massive loop hole in the system, however, one that is protected by our federal constitution. Other loop holes in society are abused and fixed because it is against the law. But in this case, the loop hole is protected so why should we even deal with the hassle it causes? If people can get around the system through this method then we should just legalize gay marriage overall. If people are willing to go through all the trouble just to get their marriage recognize why do we have to cause so much hassle for them when technically the process is protected by the constitution? It feels like the people are trying to put so many restrictions on gay marriage in hopes that we will succumb to the pressure and give up. But if its regarding the peoples individual rights as American citizens we should stand up and fight in what is right. The north fought against slavery because they believe it was the right thing to do. Look how much that effort has yield in the present day. Racism has died down to a minimal and we are all able to coexist and accept one another in one society. Another issue that is controversial is the upbringing of children in gay couples. They argue that children should have a father figure and a mother figure for the best upbringing possible. However, what measures a person’s ability to raise a child? Two men or women could raise a child just as well as a woman and man can. We are placing assumptions that they would not be capable to raise a child well. Some people argue that children would not be able to develop in a normal way growing up. But if we take a look at factors that could contribute to the possible hardships of these children, society itself places hardships on these gay couples. These children of gay couples get picked on because society outcasts people with gay parents. Society enables people to view gay couples different. If society accepted gay couples then these children would be able to endure their childhood growing up without any extra hardships. It is unfair to make claims that children are affected by gay ma rriage when we cause problems ourselves. How can we really know if gay marriage affects children before we stop bashing on gay marriage? Another issue with gay marriage is the claims that divorce is higher within gay marriage couples. Massachusetts was the first state to legalize gay marriage in 2004. In 2008 it had lowest divorce rate in the country. And between 2003 to 2008 its divorce rate had declined by 21 percent. Divorce happens to everybody including between a man and a woman.  People are claiming that gay marriage have high divorce rates when it is not necessarily true. Anybody who targets a specific group will notice their statistical facts more than the general society when in reality its not different than everybody in general. Also the divorce rate should not even be an issue. Why do people divorce in the first place? It is because they are not happy with their partner whether it be they were unfaithful or they were not the ones for each other. Regardless, people divorce because they have not found their true happiness with their partner yet. And there is no difference between a man and a woman divorcing for those reasons versus two men or two women divorcing for those reasons. It is the people†™s right to divorce just like any other issue we frown upon or do not approve. American needs to stop discriminating against issues that are not pertinent to the well-being of society and focus more on issues like crime, poverty, and foreign policy issues. Gay marriage should be allowed in all states. A lot of issues would be solved if this was the case. America has fought over and over to protect the minorities against the majority. We are a nation of the majority, but protect the minority. That is why people from around the world want to come live in the United States. We are fighting against what we symbolize as a nation and it is hypocritical to our actions in the past when we fought against slavery or interracial marriages. If we take a look at other countries that have legalized gay marriage for decades there has not been any issues in those countries. People fear that gay marriage will upon the gates for other marriages such as incest marriage, marriage to animals, and so on. But our fellow countries who have done it for longer than us have not encountered such problems. It is not fair to act on assumptions which we do not even know will happen and infringe on the rights of American citizens to pursue their own happiness in gay marriage. Our constitution and bill of rights protect us and enable us to chase our dreams. Fighting against gay marriage is fighting against the law we have fought and protected for centuries. Gay marriage should be legalized on a federal level and the states should not have the right to control whether or not gay marriage is legal or banned. Just like how there was an amendment passed to stop the discrimination against blacks gay marriage should be treated the same way.  There is no difference between the two. Stop with the discriminating and lets come together as a whole society. Sources Wikipedia (2014): http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Full_Faith_and_Credit_Clause ProCon (2014): http://gaymarriage.procon.org/view.resource.php?resourceID=004857 Zach Ford (2014): http://thinkprogress.org/lgbt/2012/12/11/1318311/study-finds-biological-causes-for-homosexuality/ Joe Messerli (2014): http://www.balancedpolitics.org/same_sex_marriages.htm ProCon (2014): http://gaymarriage.procon.org/ John Corvino; Maggie Gallagher(2012): Debating Same-Sex Marriage Praeger (2003): Marriage and Same-Sex Unions: A Debate Michael Mello(2004): Legalizing Gay Marriage

Critically discuss how scientific paradigms influence research Coursework

Critically discuss how scientific paradigms influence research methodologies. Which of the current theoretical views & methodologies are most relevant to research within your discipline - And why - Coursework Example as its research methodology given the kind of paradigm it uses, prompting the researchers to establish first where the discipline they deal with belong. Research is an undertaking that is concerned with the exploration and understanding of social phenomena that are both academic and informative in nature. It pertains to formalized and spontaneously occurring social, psychological and cultural processes which are known as education. Research, therefore, deals educational concerns from a range of concepts and understandings of the social reality. This explains why a number of varied paradigms have been developed to explain the criteria according to the one selected and the definition of the problems awaiting the inquiry. Research methodology, on the other hand, is the inquiry strategy, which draws from the underlying assumptions to research design and data collection (Niglas 2000). Research methodology is mostly classified as either qualitative or quantitative, although there are other distinctions concerning the mode of the research. These two tend to create distinctions about the knowledge of nature and also the way data is collected and analyzed. (Rescher 2000), and finally the kind of generalizations deduced from the data. While quantitative research method tends to study natural phenomena, qualitative method inquiries into the social and cultural phenomena. This paper will inquire into the various ways in which scientific paradigms influence research methodologies, which of the current theoretical views and methodologies are most relevant within the discipline of engineering. Finally, it will also look into the reasons why the methodologies so selected are most relevant in this discipline. There are three philosophical perspectives widely accepted as paradigms in the contemporary social, management and organizational research. These paradigms include the Positivism paradigm, Interpretivism paradigm and the Critical Postmodernism paradigm. Notably, the main

MIMO implementation Case Study Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

MIMO implementation - Case Study Example Some of the reasons are because it is facilitating easy transactions and enhancing a lot of convenience in their lives as compared to before. Currently, billions of people own a mobile phone around the world. The need for other industries to embrace mobile technology advancements and make heavy investments in it has resulted in the need for high speed, and reliable communication channels. Thus, the industry has witnessed an increasing need for enhancing users’ demands for throughput, and superior service and coverage. The research utilizes GNU Radio platform for implementation, and this is extended by the use of SFBC cipher. A demodulation block is part of the receiver component for data demodulation. The GNU Radio toolkit offers the platform for development. Multiple Input Multiple Output (MIMO) is increasingly being recognized as the most superior data transmission technology with the capacity to realize these arising requirements. Wide level of research by a number of scholars have validated the fact that, MIMO promises to offer a number of precise system solutions. In comparison to SISO, the technology has specific capabilities that would enable it to enhance radio channel capacity as well as the service eminence. According to Ryu (2008), â€Å"this can be done by exploiting the spatial diversity and overcoming the effects of multipath fading†. GNU Radio is a platform comprising of core runtime library. It is an open-source software development toolkit that is quite powerful and useful especially, in developing components of real-time signal processing applications. Programs developed under this platform are often written using C++ and Python programming languages. Users can reuse codes from earlier developed signal processing components, carrying out modifications, or creating their own original blocks. The objective of this paper is to objectively look at how MIMO applicable systems can be

Strategic Planning for South County Hospital in making it a ACO Term Paper

Strategic Planning for South County Hospital in making it a ACO - Term Paper Example Low profitability of the hospital has placed it at the bottom of the reimbursement. South Rhode hospital intends to solve this situation by joining a heath service provider system such as Care New England. This would make it an Accountable Care Organization benefiting from the merger with other hospital. This would assist the hospital toward continuity of their mission and achieving their vision (Cleverley et.al 288). The merger with other hospitals would help South Rhodes hospital to acquire better bargaining power in procuring services and other requirements. It would also enable SCH to refer some of the severe case to other hospitals within the system. Section One Strategic focus Aim of the plan This plans to improve the financial position of the sc hospital, increase net income and overall profitability. This will lead to sustainable improvement in financial performance and continued growth in cash flow by improving debt ratios; continued growth in inpatient and surgical volumes; continued gains in liquidity Mission statement; Enriching the quality of life for the southern Rhode Island community and visitors through delivery of quality affordable health care services Developing cooperative relationship with other care providers and promotion of wellness through health education and community involvement Vision statement: To achieve a healthy southern Rhode Island community through provision of quality and affordable health services to all our clients To have a community that is informed on health care services, their rights and responsibilities by creation of health care awareness. Long term objectives The south Rhodes hospital through this strategic plan aims at achieving the following objectives: Improve the reimbursement position for the hospital Increase affordability of services to clients Increase treatment opportunities to clients through merger with other hospital Diversify means for paying for the services give hence increase profitability Key orga nizational competences In order to achieve the above set objectives the hospital management needs to have a competent financial management team that will look into the financial crisis in the hospital. Vigorous marketing campaign shall be necessary to market the new hospital policies and improvement on service delivery, the marketing department should be set out to perform this role. The marketing campaign will also be essential in marketing the services of the hospital as this created consumer awareness. Consumer awareness attracts customers into the organization which then will lead to increase customer turnover and sales or revenues. Organizational values The south county hospital holds the following values in their operations toward achieving the strategic plan goals: humility, honesty, diligence and accountability. Performance objectives The performance objectives below will form the basis of determining the hospital’s performance score. This will be a tool to measure pr ogress towards the achievement of the objectives set in the strategic plan. Performance area Performance Measures Target Time Frame Financial management Biannual income figures and profit calculations Increase in income position and profitability Achieve a 5% increase in the profits 1 year Client and market progress Client turn up record and analysis of trends: repeated subsequent visits by clients

Taxonomy Comprehension and Application Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

Taxonomy Comprehension and Application - Essay Example By examining each Character separately, and stating off with Philosopher Aristotle, he has been renowned for Philosophical Works - later to be regarded ad Scientific. He has been and is still remembered to have Initiated the Study of Living Organisms -including Himself. This is the area where his Work has been Most Admired. He made enough efforts to discover the Relationships among the Living Organisms. As a Behaviourist, he was keenly interested in knowing something about Which category behaves how. And, possibly, what influences it to do so. His Crown of 'Father of Science' - is Prime enough to illustrate his Research and Academic Weight in the World of Learning. So, Aristotle looks at the relationship of Living Organisms in their Quest for Livelihood. Aristotle is also interested in establishing Sense of Belonging, characteristic of any Creature. This he does by Classification of things - organisms in this sense. Not only does Aristotle stop there. He goes further to study Plants and illustrate their differences in Species. So his Kin Interest the Origination of Species has sparked off a lot of Ambition among both the Philosophers. And, actually, his innovations have led to complicating the Understanding of the Difference between Religion or Philosophy and Science. The Context of... The study of these two inter-related Philosophers -and Hence, Schools of thought, is paramount for purposes of Study (Research) and day-to-day reasoning inherent among the People on this Planet. As the Ideas that flowed from these Brains has been and lives to be remembered. By examining each Character separately, and stating off with Philosopher Aristotle, he has been renowned for Philosophical Works - later to be regarded ad Scientific. He has been and is still remembered to have Initiated the Study of Living Organisms -including Himself. This is the area where his Work has been Most Admired. So his Kin Interest the Origination of Species has sparked off a lot of Ambition among both the Philosophers. And, actually, his innovations have led to complicating the Understanding of the Difference between Religion or Philosophy and Science. By way of classical reasoning. It can be seen that Aristotle has a Scientific View of the Subject, Taxonomy - which is taken to mean 'Something that one wishes to convey especially by Language' - which he does by addressing himself to the Realities of Life via the Expression of Organic Life. For purposes of this Topic, however, we need to make another point or two about the way is Emotions and Feelings of Human and Nature afflict his Counter-part who seems to be slightly opposed to his way of viewing nature and what constitutes its components.     

Car Wash Full Service in Kapolei Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

Car Wash Full Service in Kapolei - Essay Example Advantages C corporations have low risks since the government is responsible for its audits and tax returns The owners (shareholders) have limited liabilities to the business debts C Corporation benefits from writing-off of debts and business expenses C corporations are able to raise high capitals through sale of shares to different investors The majority shareholders or business owners benefit from a variety of stocks sold by the corporation Disadvantages Slow decision making since all shareholders must be consulted when making a major business decision through the annual general meeting Business owners are not directly involved in running the business Not easy to start since, the corporation needs to comply with strict legal requirements from the government S Corporation S corporation is considered a regular corporation with less than 100 business owners (shareholders). The corporation passes its net income and losses to the shareholders as stipulated under the Internal Revenue Cod e, Chapter 1 (Ogus, 1994). Advantages Shareholders have limited liabilities to the company’s debts. Thus, shareholder’s assets cannot be sold to pay the corporation’s debts in case of bankruptcy. S corporations are exempted from paying federal taxes since losses and profits are passed through shareholders tax reports Shareholders can become employees of the corporation and earn tax-free salaries The credibility associated with the business makes it possible for the business to attract high calibre employees and customers Disadvantages Formation is expensive and time consuming due to the legal and taxation formalities that the business is expected to comply with before been... It is stated in the essay that when starting a new business, it is necessary to make objective decisions concerning the structure of the proposed business. Most business owners consider the significance of financial decision over other factors that affect the business. Although credible financial decision determines the sustainability of the business, a business owner need to consider other factors that would affect the business in the long-term. The form of business ownership, that was a main focus of the essay and is a significant decision that investors ought to make before settling into their business. Sole proprietorship, partnership, C Corporation and S corporation are the basic forms of business ownership. After considering the different forms of business ownership, the researcher settled for a partnership as the most appropriate form of bushiness. The choice for partnership was determined by the pros and cons of other forms of business ownership and available finances. The re searcher also made his choice based on cost benefit analysis of running the business as a corporation or a sole proprietorship. Forming a partnership eliminated the aspect of competition that would arise if each partner decided to set his own business. This factor would give the team an opportunity to concentrate on their services and customers. The team eventually ruled out both the S and C corporations due to the rigorous legal requirements and large starting capital required for the business analyzed.

Personal Statement + Answering a Question Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

+ Answering a Question - Personal Statement Example I was overwhelmed with joy after securing admission into North Seattle College to study for an Associate Business (AB) degree. My success in high school meant a lot to me and to my family as well. It was the first time I was in overseas country after securing a scholarship to study abroad away from home. I worked so hard to ensure I triumphed in the business school in order to secure a possible scholarship to further my studies. However, a fateful event happened one early morning as I was rushing to class to prepare for my first end of semester exam. I had just alighted the bus and was preparing to cross the road and walk into the school compound when I saw a speeding SUV screech to a halt at the forefront of a computer sales shop. Two masked gunmen emerged from the vehicle and ran into the shop. A few moments later, they ran back into the vehicle and sped off. Whereas I could figure out a robbery had just happened, I could not imagine that the shop attendant was already injured. It was a critical moment for me because I was torn between rushing to school and prepare for my exams or help the badly injured person. In a flash of a second, I remembered a court case where a volunteer had been mistaken as a murderer because his fingerprints were found on a dead man’s body. The case had lasted for more than five years until the man was finally cleared of the murder charges and the real murderers put in jail. However, I could see the collapsed man was bleeding profusely and had lost consciousness. Being an early morning, there was hardly anybody passing by. At that moment, I had two choices, save a life and compromise my grades in college or just run to school and leave the man helpless. Additionally, I could think of the after effects of helping the person. The police would take my valuable college time through endless interrogations, as I would be a key witness. I resolved to

Integration - Causal Chains and Strategy Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Integration - Causal Chains and Strategy - Essay Example Under the following section, each quadrant is briefly discussed, followed by their causal linkages and last part of this article provides a nine-step framework to develop such balanced scorecard system in technology-based organization. Analysis As mentioned-above balanced scorecard, system works based on four perspective such as organization capacity, internal processes, customers and financial perspective. Organizational capacity relates to the concept of increasing the capacity of the business such as production capacity, material capacity, project capacity, etc. In order to meet the demands from the customers, it is essential that the organization must have sufficient capacity to fulfill that order. Internal processes relates to the concept of how effectively the organization can perform a certain job or fulfill customer’s demand for instance. How departments are managed and integrated, how internal controls work together, etc. are the core issues highlighted through intern al processes. Third perspective solely relates to customers. Customers are most important stakeholders of any business such that their preferences, tastes, dispositions, likes and dislikes, etc. paly a profound role in developing the most adequate business strategies. From this perspective, the organization needs to assess the current demands of the customer, how to satisfy them, how to retain their loyalty, how to provide after-sales services to them, etc. are focused through this perspective. Last, but probably the most important perspective of a balanced scorecard is the financial perspective such that every organization needs to improve its financial performance and position. For this purpose, the organizations use financial ratio analysis as a technique of evaluating their performances. Some important financial ratios under this perspective include return on investment, return on assets, return on equity, net profit margin, etc. Challenges faced by Technology Organizations Befo re establishing the causal linkage between the balanced scorecard perspectives within the technology organizations, it is of crucial importance that the characteristics of technology organization are studies first. Technology organizations are the ones which can be differentiated from other organizations especially in terms of challenges that they face (Rohm and Moinoski, n.d.). Following are some of the typical challenges faced by the technology-based organizations: Their product cycles constantly and rapidly contract. They constantly have to recruit, retain and reward the best technology talent. These organizations have to make and communicate the timely and critical decisions relating to product development. They have to track the customer’s perspectives such that they have to track the customer’s featured demands and their corresponding models. They have to deal with disruptive technologies which can, not only wrap up the product but the entire business. Integratio n of Causal Chain Keeping in mind the above challenges that technology-based organizations face, the balanced scorecard system is developed through a strategy. The strategy can be referred as integration of causal chain between these four perspectives of balanced scorecard (BSI, 2007). This strategy aims at developing the organizational capacity first. The investment in organizational ca

Retail atmospherics are quite well studied but are poorly explained Essay

Retail atmospherics are quite well studied but are poorly explained - Essay Example Before examining the claim that retail atmospherics are thoroughly studied but not stated well, we need to define what is meant by retail atmospherics. According to Kotler (1974), it is the effort to design buying environments to produce specific emotional effects in the buyer that enhances his purchase probability. A renewed interest was created in retail atmospherics through the caricature reporting by the Wall Street Journal showing a bank manager asking a customer’s opinion on the background music, which the manager has boasted of selecting himself. Such complex decisions as presenting background music are made irrationally in retail ambience. It gives the impression that no serious thought is given on creating retail atmospherics to provide a memorable experience to customers in the retail industry. Such decisions if taken rationally and thoughtfully can create a positive impact on customer perceptions of service quality, purchase, and consumption behaviour (Chebat & Dube , 2000). Developing of a customer experience has become very crucial with the importance given to the purchase of commodities. Expectations from retail managers have increased to create an environment of understanding in creating the atmospheric resources for providing the desired customer experience. Challenges in the retail atmospheric research lie in understanding the psychology of consumer reactions on the one hand and the functional requirements and planning at the firm level to provide that experience to the customers on the other hand (Chebat & Dube, 2000). Babin and Attaway (2000) have specifically worked on developing a reliable mechanism tool to innovatively measure the customers’ behavioural outcomes. Customer spending is directly impressed by a store’s capacity to create value that benefits the customer. It was found that environmentally inspired emotions affect relative spending by the customer. Their research indicates that customer behaviour can be induc ed by developing the right retail atmosphere. The value of shopping through the relationship of the customer behaviour with the retail environment provided by the retailer is justified. Research has been done on the relation between shopping behaviour and environmental factors via transformations in emotional feelings. Shoppers’ behaviour was examined through fixed time and changing time during a simulated shopping test. It included listening experience of different but familiar music provided to the shoppers. Later on shoppers’ outlook on shopping time, their mental state and product appraisal were recorded, which indicated that shoppers spent long hours while listening to favourite music, which was their perception but actually they spent long hours shopping when listening to not-popular music. Limited actual shopping times in the known music scenario were associated with increased awareness. Longer assumed shopping hours by the shoppers in popular music listening ex perience were associated to unmeasured cognitive factors. Mental states of the shoppers played a part in taking a purchase decision on a product but these impressions were not directly associated to the playing of music (Yalch and Spangenberg, 2000). Research by Turley and Milliman (2000)) also shows that impact of music is not positive and good always. Their review shows weakness of the theoretical base. Majority of customer emotion measures depend on store type. Functional and job-oriented environments are related with lower levels of pleasure and arousal-related emotions, which provides an alternative to Mehrabian and Russel (1974)) model on environmental psychology. By changing the store design and settings, emotional shopping results can be

Ways Of Seeing Essay Example for Free

Ways Of Seeing Essay What is considered art has been a controversial question for many years in history and today. There are various forms and types of art. Because art is very complex and diverse, it is viewed and conceptualized in many different ways. Nancy G. Heller states even though a type of artwork is hard to understand, it’s considered art, and artwork that people don’t understand shouldn’t be disregarded from other types of art. She feels as though people shouldn’t be intimidated by artwork that’s hard to understand and her main goal is to try to help people feel more comfortable around art they don’t understand. Picasso believes that all art needs to be an original in order to be considerably successful. He states that nature and art are completely different things. Picasso explains that art is a lie that allows us to realize the truth. And finally, John Berger speaks about publicity being a form of art, and how it uses art to manipulate people into buying what is publicized. Berger says publicity ads have a way of working because ads focus on the future, which people are attracted to more than the present. Each of these authors have different opinions on how art is viewed and conceived, however they unite from similar points in their views. All art is art, and shouldn’t be dismissed. In â€Å"’Statement to Marius De Zayas,’ 1923,† Picasso states that art has to convince people of its truthfulness. In his article, Picasso defends the art of cubism. —because cubism, like many other types of art, is not understood yet by most people. However, cubism isn’t any different from a type of art someone likes and understands—it shares the same principles or elements as any/ all other types of art. Picasso elaborates on his claims by giving the reader an example of him reading an English book. He says that reading a book doesn’t make sense to him, yet it doesn’t mean that the English language doesn’t exist. He states that no one should be responsible for him not being able to understand what he doesn’t know much about. Picasso believes that an individual shouldn’t say a type of art isn’t art only because they don’t understand it. The individual should, instead, try to understand it, and if he/ she still doesn’t consider it to be an art, the individual should claim to just dislike that specific type of art. Picasso and Heller both agree that art is art and that it shouldn’t be questioned. Nancy G. Heller’s book, â€Å"Why a Painting is Like a Pizza: a Guide to Understanding and Enjoying Modern Art† starts with the author’s experience making a pizza in Texas. From her experience, she concluded that painting is like a pizza. Just as many people have a variety of taste in pizza that they prefer, when people look at art, they have certain preferences in art as well. Some people usually completely dismiss certain groups of art, saying its not art at all. Heller defends artists who are victims of these cruel remarks by saying, â€Å"anything anyone says is art should be in fact be regarded as art† (Heller 10). All art should not only be regarded as art, but art also is a lie that uncovers the truth. In Heller’s article, one of her examples shows Rosa Bonheur’s painting â€Å"’The Horse Fair’ (1853). † This painting is very realistic like a photograph. On the contrary, the painting is just very convincing. Bonheur’s painting of the galloping horses lie to the viewer, because the horses aren’t actually galloping in front of the viewer. However, it helps the viewer recognize the truth from the artist’s lies. All art lies, which help the viewer, uncover the truth. Nature and art aren’t the same. Only something real can be natural. Picasso agrees with Heller by saying, â€Å"nature and art, being two different things, cannot be the same thing. Through art, we express our conception of what nature is not† (Picasso par. 5). Picasso states that art needs to be an original idea—otherwise it is useless. An artwork being original allows the viewer to notice the truth. He suggests that art isn’t actually what the artwork portrays. â€Å"Art is not truth. Art is a lie that makes us realize the truth† (Picasso par. 3). Although paintings aren’t real, it can symbolize something that is real. In â€Å"Ways of Seeing† by John Berger, the author talks about all art (publicity ads or paintings) must be convincing to the viewer. â€Å"Publicity begins by working on a natural appetite for pleasure. But it cannot offer the real object of pleasure and there is no convincing substituted for pleasure in that pleasure’s own terms. The more convincingly publicity conveys the pleasure of bathing in a warm, distant sea, the more the spectator-buyer will become aware that he is hundreds of miles away from that sea and the more remote the chance of bathing in it will seem to him† (Berger 132). The author gives an example of how publicity ads work by suggesting if a publicity ad was to show the pleasures of bathing in a warm and distant sea, the viewer (or buyer) will realize that he is many miles away from the sea that the ad is portraying, and the chance of bathing in that sea will seem far to him. If the viewers aren’t convinced from art, whether it’s a publicity ad or a painting, that artwork is not successful. If a viewer thinks that the representation of whatever the ad is trying to sell is intangible, the viewer will be less convinced. John Berger and Picasso share the same beliefs that art should live in the present. Since there is constant exposure of publicity ads, Berger believes that ads live in the present. Publicity ads are located almost anywhere in this world. From magazines and TVs to buses and billboards, ads are everywhere. Publicity ads are not only constantly around a person’s surroundings, but also are always updated and/ or renewed. Although Berger talks about publicity ads living in the moment, they never represent the present time. Picasso similarly states, if a painting is looked at and appreciated by the viewer, it’s alive, living in the present. Picasso’s work has been echoed in his own idea. All of his work â€Å"was made for the present and with the hope that it will always remain in the present† (Picasso par. 11). Picasso gives an example of the Greek and Egyptian art. He proclaims that Greek and Egyptian art is more alive today than it was when the artwork as created. People are intrigued about how the artwork was made back then, and that alone keeps the early Greek and Egyptian artwork alive in the present. All authors have common beliefs on how art should be viewed and conceived. Art is art and it shouldn’t be questioned. If art is hard to understand, it shouldn’t be dismissed as not art†¦ it should categorized as a type of art an individual dislikes. Furthermore, paintings don’t tell the truth; however it is filled with lies that help an individual recognize the truth through the painting being convincing. And lastly, an artwork lives in the present time—even if the artwork was made in the past. Work Cited Berger, John. Ways Of Seeing. London: Penguin Book, 1977. Print. Heller, Nancy G. Why a Painting is Like a Pizza: a Guide to Understanding and Enjoying Modern Art. Princeton: Princeton University Press, 2002. Print. Picasso, Pablo. â€Å"Statement to Marius de Zayas. † The Arts. NY, May 1923. Translation approved by Picasso. Web. 18 September 2012. .

Ethnic inequalities in the workplace

Ethnic inequalities in the workplace 3. Why, despite Race Discrimination, legislation do ethnic inequalities in the workplace persist? There are a large number of problems including discrimination, human capital and social isolation that mean that ethnic inequalities in the workplace continue. Pakistanis, Bangladeshis and Black Caribbeans suffer the most discrimination, have the least human capital and are most prone to social isolation. This can be seen in that these ethnic groups have the greatest unemployment rates and lowest incomes. Meanwhile the Chinese and Indians do better for themselves in comparison, however are still not on the same levels at Whites in Britain. Since the 1970s Black Caribbeans, Bangladeshis and Pakistanis have continued to have double the unemployed rates that whites do. This is shown in the fact that on average Black Caribbeans earn around 15% less than whites (Hall Carter, 2006). Meanwhile increasingly Indians and Chinese have managed to gain more or less the same levels of works at whites in Britain. Further more Indians, Chinese and Pakistanis have continued to have higher rates of s elf employment than whites or Black Caribbeans since the 1960s, meaning Black Caribbeans do the worst in employment (Clark Drinkwater, 1998). However there is some evidence to suggest the situation is improving in the workplace that will be explored nearer the end of the essay. Discrimination, whether it be conscious or subconscious, is seen as a major factor in ethnic inequalities in the workplace in Britain. The general definition of discrimination is that it is prejudice treatment of a person based on their membership of a group. Often this discrimination is against a religious group or race, even simply due to skin color. A vast amount of research suggests that discrimination against ethnic minorities continues to be a problem when it comes to employers hiring. (Deitch, Barsky, Butz, Chan, Brief Bradley, 2003). Further studies also suggest that prejudice against ethnic minorities has remained at a constant level over the past 40 years (Li Heath, 2008). It is defiantly a valid point that different ethnic minorities experience different levels of discrimination by whites within Britain. Research shows that the British population overall believe there to be similar levels of prejudice against Blacks and as there are with Pakistanis (Verkuyten Brug, 2002 ). There is a common underlying prejudice view with some employers that these ethnics groups are most prone to laziness and crime. The view that racial discrimination is greater in manual labour such as building than it is in the non-manual labour such as office work is certainly a valid one, as it can be argued there are more social boundaries with an office environment than on a building site (Fraser, 2009). The higher an individual goes in the workplace hierarchy, the greater the rules and regulations set in place that prevents discrimination within that environment. Hence this means discrimination is likely to be greatest at the lower end of the manual labour hierarchy. It is fair to say Black Caribbeans and Pakistanis are more likely to be discriminated against than Indians and Chinese as there is a clear education gap between them. Unfortunately due to the similarity in looks between Pakistanis and Indian they may well suffer equal discrimination. Black Caribbeans in particula r will feel obliged to apply for lower pay jobs (Verkuyten Brug, 2002). It is hence easy to see how once you are bracketed into a certain ethnic group, depending on which group that is, an individual is either in a cycle of advantage or disadvantage. Whites would on average be considered to be in a cycle of advantage with regards to ethnicity and work in Britain. The idea of human capital adds to the problem of ethnic inequality in the workplace. An employer will seek to asses how strong or weak an applicants human capital is (their value as worker). For example if you are a graduate from university experience you are far more likely to be employed than someone who dropped out of school at the age of 16. Ethnic discrimination in human capital can be seen clearly in that if a white individual has the same qualification as an individual from an ethnic minority, the white individual is more likely to get the job. This is a sad but true fact, although one would like to think it is becoming less common in this current age. However, ethnic groups are not discriminated against to the same degree as one another, with Indians and Chinese often coming close or surpassing whites in their human capitol. This is due to ethnic groups differing levels of human capital, subsequently created by differing education levels. On average Indians and Chinese have h igher educational levels than Black Caribbeans, Pakistanis and Bangladeshis (Ratcliffe, 2004). This would help explain the pay gaps between the ethnic groups, with Indians and Chinese on average earning more than other ethnic minorities (through better jobs due to their better standard of education). Language is another vital part of human capital. In the first generation of migrants, Pakistanis and Bangladeshis in particular lacked the English language one needs to work. This is less of an issue now, but unfortunately these prejudices carry on into the second generation. Education levels and language skills are therefore crucial to judging an individuals human capital. Unfortunately due to conscious or subconscious discrimination of an employer being white is often an addition to an individuals human capital while often being a member of an ethnic group is seen as a subtraction to human capital. Another reason for ethnic inequality within the workplace is social isolation. This is relevant in particular among Pakistanis and Bangladeshis, as they are the most socially isolated of all the ethnic groups within Britain (Ratcliffe, 2004). Compared to other ethnic groups, in particular whites, Pakistanis and Bangladeshis lack the bridging social skills that are needed to gain work contacts within a predominantly white British society, which is almost essential to finding the jobs. Their social isolation may continue with their lack of good education and English language, which is again essential to networking for jobs. Further more ethnic minorities are often highly concentrated in certain urban areas, with Bangladeshis and Pakistanis having the highest level of geographical segregation from the white population (Solomon, 2003). Due to this they are less likely to mix with the white population of Britain, and therefore less likely to network for jobs. As a result there are very fe w examples of Pakistanis or Bangladeshis marrying into white families. Again, location is essential as to rates of pay or qualities of jobs. The first generation of migrants arrived in Britain with little knowledge and little money, hence they moved into lower class and lower income areas of cities. This is where cycles of advantage and disadvantage are relevant once more. Ethnic groups who live in areas of deprivation are in cycles of disadvantage. Classic examples include areas of Slough, East London and Bradford. Areas of deprivation will entail a poor quality education and poor job opportunities and therefore will in turn create individuals of poor human capital that are likely to be discriminated against due to their geographical location and prejudice opinions that come with living in that area. On top of this, if an individual is of an ethnic minority there is even more discrimination likely to be consciously or subconsciously directed their way. Due to this, an area may beco me less desirable, and therefore only attract more migrants or unemployed due to the cheap standard of living, adding further to the problems of the area. While there is overwhelming evidence to suggest ethnic inequalities within the workplace persist, there is some evidence of the situation improving. Overall racial discrimination is becoming less common due to new rules and regulations, as well as it being frowned upon to the highest degree. In particular, Black Caribbean individuals are marrying white individuals hence bridging the gap between ethnic groups and creating more networking for employment (Hall Carter, 2006). The second generation of migrants are generally doing better with jobs than the first generation due to their greater integration into the education system and greater use of the English language. In particular Indians and Chinese are acceleration in the economy, gaining high earning jobs in law or medicine. In conclusion, there are a large number of problems including discrimination, human capital and social isolation that mean that ethnic inequalities in the workplace persist. Pakistanis, Bangladeshis and Black Caribbeans suffer the most inequality in the workplace, while the Chinese and Indians do better for themselves in comparison, however are still not on the same levels at whites in Britain On average the whites in Britain do better overall in the workplace than the other ethnic groups due to the above problems. Having said this, the second generation of migrants have done better in the workplace than the first generation of migrants.

Religious Influences on Stanley Spencers Art

Religious Influences on Stanley Spencers Art What influence did religion have on the work of Stanley Spencer and did this contribute the reference as a village innocent or avant garde genius? It is difficult to place Stanley Spencer into any of the ideological or theoretical movements of the period during which he painted his unique and deeply subjective paintings. By challenging the divinity of Christianity, and suggesting that Christianity could be seen and gathered from the everyday, Spencer challenges the hierarchy of the church, and of Christian orthodoxy in a way that was both deeply personal, and looked further toward a universality. However, Spencers views on Christianity were eccentric for the time. He believed in the last day as a time of orgiastic joy, and his views stood in sharp contradiction to the more standard and institutionalised views of Christianity being about monogamy and abstinence from sex. Thus, politically and religiously, Spencer stood in direct opposition to the religious views held in some esteem at the time, and this is shown by his explicit drawings that juxtapose sexual and religious imagery. In this sense Spencer was avant-garde, and chall enged the assumptions of the establishment in a direct and controversial way. But, also, Spencer was deeply traditional in his views. His paintings draw heavily on classical and Pre-Raphaelite traditions, which could have been seen as the result of his artistic education as a draughtsman and a traditional painter, and the subject matter of his paintings often centre around the world of the village in which he was born and raised the small home counties village of Cookham. In this essay I will look firstly at how Spencer represents his religion in his paintings, by looking at how Cookham is displayed as a metaphor for all kinds of divine and religious imagery. Secondly, I will look at Spencers opinions on sex and how this made his work controversial and seemingly avant-garde with its jarring connection with Christianity and religion in general. Thirdly, I will discuss Stanley Spencers subjectivity and interrogate whether Spencers outsider status on his contemporary art world made it possible for Stanley Spencer to fit into any easily defined genre or movement. Stanley Spencer uses a great deal of biblical imagery in his work, often with references to biblical events such as the resurrection of Christ or the last day, seen by Spencer not as a horrific world, but as a world defined and brought together by love and by sexual and orgiastic bliss. What is particularly unusual about Spencers paintings is the way in which he juxtaposes the two worlds of the everyday and the religious into a single painting the everyday world of Cookham, the village in which he was born, becomes rich with divine imagery and miraculous, religious Christian light. It could easily be suggested that Spencer was not anti-Christian, as many of his avant-garde contemporaries such as Matisse and Picasso were, but that he was almost as fervently anti-institutional. In Christ Carrying the Cross (1920), the image of Christ is jarringly juxtaposed with the bland and traditionally ordinary world of Cookham. Also, the appearance of Christ with his cross merely blends in with t he actions of other people there is another man, given equal compositional prominence as Christ, who is carrying two sets of ladders behind Jesus. The mixing together of ordinariness and extraordinariness is further highlighted by the house, where people lean out. The curtains that flap out of the windows give the appearance, but the appearance only, of wings, suggesting that the people in the house are angels. This juxtaposition could be seen as both philosophically radical Christ is rarely seen in art as an ordinary figure, or one that could be assigned ordinary characteristics and also, judging from the immediately quaint surroundings of Cookham, as inherently traditional. By using his surroundings of Cookham and by combining grandiose biblical imagery and the everyday, Stanley Spencer manages to be both a painter of the avant-garde tradition, yet also one that is firmly attached to the traditional methods of portraying biblical imagery. Kitty Hauser suggests that: Spencer has painted the curtains so that they seem like wings, transforming the figures into angels at the moment that Christ walks past. But these figures are not quite angels, any more than the curtains are angels wings. Instead, just at this moment, they are both human and divine.[1] Indeed, it is this mixture between sublime and mundane, between the everyday and the miraculous, that Spencer draws upon heavily in his uniquely personal work. In Spencers wartime paintings, the mixture between biblical and everyday are used to similar effect, suggesting to the onlooker that divinity and divine love is everywhere, so long as we have the strength to look for it. In Patient Suffering from Frostbite (1932), a large man is seen nursing a victim of the Great War: the pails carried by the ward orderly miraculously transform him into a ministering angel, as they take on the appearance of wings.[2] So, it could easily be read that, according to Spencer, the lessons to be learnt from Christianity are no t that of obedience and subservience, but are that heaven is possible in the everyday, that love and God are essential components of the reality in which we all live. In Reveille (1929), mosquito nets erected by the war workers could be easily seen as death-shrouds, angels wings or winged insects. Stanley Spencers interpretations of the paintings are also important, as his writings offer insight into the deeply subjective and personal layers of meaning which he draws upon in the paintings. He suggests that the characters on the right of Reveille are announcing the Armistice, and that the mosquito nets represent a kind of chrysalis, from which the people will emerge into a world dominated by peace and by love. According to Hauser, Spencer does this in order to show the interpenetration of heaven and earth, where ordinary objects combine and momentarily take on a numinous appearance, without losing anything of their ordinariness.[3] Thus, it is this interpenetration that, in a sense, makes Spencer extremely hard to define as an artist of that particular period. Although he took on many of the concepts of dominant post-impressionist artists (Gauguin is a stylistic influence, for instance, with his paintings of simple, round figures and the displacement of biblical themes onto a fairly ordinary world), he also pushed them further. Spencer could also be seen as being akin to Symbolism, by assigning everyday objects a greater meaning, but their actual purpose in the paintings for instance, the mosquito net is never not a mosquito net in Reveille can be interpreted as something more divine. Thus, Spencer is both a visionary in the sense that he approached, subjected and challenged the central issues of Christianity, the conflict between human and divine, but he also did so in a way that would challenge the viewer into interpreting the world around him differently. By refusing to place anything with actual divine properties into his work by simply taking Christ an d putting him in the context of an ordinary scene in Cookham; by taking the idiom of realist, war painting and organising it in such a manner that suggests biblical qualities, Spencer is in turn subverting the standard views of dominant ideologies as the avant-garde of the period sought to achieve, but also did so in a way that didnt threaten compromise his position as a British, village painter or indeed a painter of commercial landscapes that he used to make money from in order to continue painting his more artistically advanced work. In Shipbuilding on the Clyde (1946), Hauser suggests that: the various labours of welders, burners, riveters and riggers were choreographed by Spencer into a sequence of images in which the mundane tasks of the factory-worker take on an epic, almost religious aspect.[4] Indeed, the presence of the Inferno certainly can allude to Dante, and the ways in which all workers conjoin in harmony, tugging on a piece of sheet metal, suggests a certain unity i n human endeavour that, considering the nature of Spencers other work, could also arguably allude to a greater theme of universal love and harmony. In Spencers sexual period, he becomes more akin to the more controversial and challenging aspects of the avant-garde of the time, challenging assumptions about the institutions in which we live, albeit in a slightly less aggressive and extroverted manner than say, the Surrealists or the Futurists. But in his more overtly sexual (and visionary) work, he paints a unique and very idiosyncratic view of Christianity, more akin to the 1960s sexual revolution than to the traditional and stuffy world of religion and churches. Spencer failed to see how Christianity and monogamy needed to be intertwined, and believed that sexual ecstacy was a means of achieving heaven on earth. His visions of the last day were again juxtaposed onto the quaint and pastoral landscape of Cookham, and the orgiastic rites of the last day were catapulted onto the village green in Cookham. In A Village in Heaven (1937), the last day is seen as a time when all sexual and social difference will disappear and all will l ive under the world of God and of love. Everybody, people of all ages and social status engage in orgiastic bliss. All body types, ages, races, genders are combined. And the fact that it engages with religious themes makes it all the more controversial. Hauser suggests that: Spencer could not see why orthodox Christianity should be so puritanical about sex. At his most enthusiastic, he saw sex as an essential part of his religious vision.[5] Indeed, in his personal life, the bigamous relationship he indulged with both Hilda Carline and Patricia Preece got him into serious trouble with the establishment, and eventually forced him to break from the Tate Britain at the time. Sunflower and Dog Worship (1937), plays on the even more controversial themes of bestiality. Dogs lick men and men lick them back, suggesting a bestial play between the two. However, the transcendent quality of love and sex reach their metaphorical apex in Love Among the Nations (1935), as vehement an anti-war stat ement that has ever been imagined. In this painting, world leaders and people from different cultures and social groups engaged in orgies regardless of social background. Hauser suggests that: Love Among the Nations (1935) is an extraordinary image in which physical love breaks down the barriers between representatives of the nations of the world. Spencer himself is represented in the painting: two nubile half-naked Africans pull on the buttons of his tweed jacket, with amorous intent.[6] Thus his Christian vision of love transcends racial boundaries, and in turn suggest that he is not so much anti-Christian, but remains anti-institutional, in the sense that it was the structural corruption that caused war among nations, rather than the inherent flaws of humanity itself. This juxtaposes the radical view of his religion, and the uncompromising vision of religion and sex combined in his orgy scenes with his position as quaintly optimistic about human nature and about the nature of lov e that allows us to see him as an optimistic innocent caught amid religious dogma that dominates the essential message of Christianity namely that God is everywhere, and for everybody, that heaven on Earth is a possibility, and that this is to be achieved through the expression of love through sex and unrestricted copulation. Of course, this view remains controversial and radical even today, and, arguably this presents a view of Christianity more akin to Paganism than to the practically constructed versions of Christianity practised at the time and since. Stanley Spencer manages to juxtapose opposing views by presenting a vision that is so eccentric, that it is easy to regard him as an outsider in the art world. His vision of sex and religion, as placed in the everyday certainly labels him as an avant garde pioneer in some respects certainly his views were controversial at the time, especially considering his place as a villager, and the placing of his biblical narratives in the small town of Cookham. His religious views are reconciled to some extent by their idiosyncracies, and their glaring difference from orthodoxy, which may save him from any criticism regarding their political or ideological importance. Indeed, the innate subjectivity of the artists work tends to subvert the original message, as people tend to regard his paintings, and the optimistic light in which they are drawn, as harking back to the Romantic vision of the painter as recorder and of the medium of painting being more important than the actual subject matter. C ertainly, religion had an impact on the view that Spencer was a village innocent his placing of biblical scenes, along with the more conservatively executed landscapes, the dead paintings that he did for money, certainly describe the landscape of Cookham in quaint terms, and with an air of realism that other modernist painters tended to ignore. Hauser suggests that: Cosiness was what modernist painting all too often lacked.[7] Certainly, Spencers work jars with the harsh and abstract world of modernist painters, insofar as he regarded his work as layered with a certain sense of personal meaning. Gormley suggests that: Spencers position is radical. If the modernist trajectory was concerned with the development of perceptual language that, in order to be objective and finally sublime, ended up by being anonymous, he stands for the absolute subjectivity of the artist as a point of view (recorder) and a point of experience.[8] Indeed, the subjectivity of Spencer allows him to reconcil e his role as a quaint village Romantic with the more avant-garde elements of his subject matter. Spencer tended to regard form less as a means for experimentation than most modernist painters tended to. For instance, the play with texture and form as seen in other modernist artists like Picasso have no role in Stanley Spencers artwork. In fact, judging from the last unfinished piece that he produced, and the bitpiece, painting-by-numbers style with which his work was being painted, his paintings seem more architectural than singular. His Church House project, which was something he was working on as a testament to his life with God, the relationships hed drawn between sex and religion, certainly provided Spencer with the ideal blueprint with which to direct his work, even if the grandiosity of the architectural vision tended to complicate and stifle his desire to experiment. Also, his need to make money from his landscapes tended to subvert his overall vision, and thus tends to put him more in the category of low art, or popular art, as opposed to the high art of modernism, which in turn, problematizes his connection with the avant-garde, and places him more in the tradition of Romantic or quasi-Impressionist painter. Overall, Stanley Spencer was a religious painter, insofar as his works are littered with references to biblical imagery, and took heavily from the Pre-Raphaelite and the classical modes of religious painters. Of course, this conservatism would definitely place him in the Neo-Classical school far away from the avant-garde of the time, and, at best, as a competent but essentially uninspired village painter. However, what is original about the paintings of Stanley Spencer was that he provided through his paintings and his writings, an insight into his unique world view, and speculated controversially that religion and orgiastic sexual practices neednt be kept separate. Both in his actual life and in his paintings, Spencer attempted to demonstrate his vision that monogamy neednt be synonymous with God, and also that the biblical vision of God and heaven was easily attainable, and available in the everyday world. In his selection of Cookham biblical paintings, Spencer synthesises biblica l imagery with everyday imagery, and this desire to perceive the transcendental and the heavenly in the everyday was a subject that he stuck at for his entire artistic career. Hauser suggests that: Spencers early paintings of biblical subjects still have the capacity to startle and enchant, fusing mythical narratives with specific and apparently unremarkable locations. [] This concatenation of biblical and local produces some strange effects.[9] Indeed it is this mixture, done in a subtle, rather than an ostentatious and baroque fashion, that makes Spencer unique, and it is his blending of normal events with divine events that gives these works their redemptive power. However, Spencers opinions on Christianity are fairly unorthodox, if not completely unique, and it is this uniquely religious angle that allows us to entertain certain notions that Spencer was avant-garde, and revolutionary. Certainly, Spencer failed to fit into any other genre or category of painter around at the time , and his seclusion as an artist, away from the establishment, certainly allowed him to entertain his highly subjective vision as an artist. Structurally, Spencers work remains quite conservative, and his later work especially reflects this conservatism, as he worked exclusively to construct The Church House. His work during the 1950s loses the intensity and the warmth of his previous work, and certainly there was an element whereby Spencer was simply painting by numbers rather than generating pieces based on actual inspiration or the desire to experiment. So, it is definitely the controversial religious content that tends to mark him as an avant-garde pioneer, but it is much. Certainly, to Spencer, Cookham and biblical imagery are interlaced, but it would be difficult to see his controversial religious views being popularly held in the small, conservative home county village where he drew inspiration for his work. Certainly, the village and the divine are intertwined in Spencers wo rk, and, arguably the rural quaintness of his free love concepts have granted his work a fresh popularity in later years. Although it is easy to see the avant-garde concepts behind his work, it is more difficult to reconcile the effects of religion on the notion that Spencer was a village innocent certainly, his sexual paintings of village green orgies seem anything but what is traditionally held as innocent. Bibliography Hauser, K., Stanley Spencer, Tate Publishing, London: 2001 MacCarthy, F., Stanley Spencer: An English Vision, Yale University Press, Washington DC: 1997 Tate Gallery Liverpool, Stanley Spencer: A Sort of Heaven, Tate Gallery, Liverpool: 1992 1 Footnotes [1] Hauser. K., Stanley Spencer, Tate Publishing, London: 2001, pp. 35-6 [2] ibid. p. 66 [3] ibid. [4] ibid. p. 69 [5] ibid. p. 44 [6] ibid. p. 50 [7] ibid. p. 29 [8] Gormley, A., Cookhams Present, from Stanley Spencer: A Sort of Heaven, Tate Gallery, London: 1992, p. 7 [9] Hausen K., p. 33

The Costs of Smoking Essay -- Papers Cigarettes Health Tobacco Essays

The Costs of Smoking Smoking has been an issue for many years. Even though children and teenagers are exposed to large amounts of anti-smoking propaganda, many still do smoke, and will continue to smoke for the rest of their lives, struggling to kick the habit. Smoking has more than fifty illnesses and twenty causes of death associated with it. It has been estimated that in England 284 000 patients are admitted to the NHS hospitals each year due to illnesses caused by smoking (Godfrey et al). These NHS beds could serve a more productive purpose. Smokers have an increased risk of many diseases, including gum disease, diabetes (type 2), osteoporosis and tuberculosis (American Council 1997). However these are not the only risks of smoking. Smokers also have an increased risk of cancer and heart disease. For example, smoking causes over 80% of all lung cancer deaths (CRC Cancerstats 2001). In 1999 22% of all cancer deaths were of the lungs, making it the most common form of cancer. Lung cancer is not the only form of cancer with an increased risk if you smoke; cancer of the mouth, throat, bladder, kidney, stomach, liver as well as oesophageal cancer (gullet), pancreatic cancer, colorectal cancer, cervical cancer, leukaemia and breast cancer. Pancreatic cancer along with other forms of cancer is rapidly fatal and has a low survival rate. This particular cancer has a survival rate of just 4%, and smoking is a direct cause (Boyle et al 1996). For other forms of cancer such as colorectal cancer there is only evidence to suggest there is an increased risk due to smoking, as mentioned in the IARC review in 2002. Coronary heart d... ...start smoking is some of their influential friends do it and they want to be part of the crowd. The other factors, such as relaxation, seem to be more to do with relieving withdrawal symptoms more then actual relief the cigarette causes. References: Godfrey, C. et al. 'The Smoking Epidemic - a Prescription for Change.' - Health Education Authority 1993 'Cigarettes: What the warning label doesn't tell you' American Council on Science and Health 1997 CRC Cancerstats: Mortality - UK. Cancer Research Campaign, June 2001 Boyle, P et al. 'Cigarette smoking and pancreas cancer: A case control study of the search programme of the IARC' 1996 Otsuka, R. 'Acute effects of passive smoking on the coronary circulation in healthy young adults.' 2001 Other Resources: www.ash.org.uk www.bbc.co.uk

Irish Novels Essay -- Comparative Literature

."..for we have rights drawn from the soil and sky; the use, the pace, the patient years of labour, ... this is our country also, nowhere else; and we shall not be outcast on the world." John Hewitt, The Colony For many years the Big House in Ireland was very important. In an agrarian society, the estate system formed a backdrop for the economy and culture of the island. The Anglo-Irish Big House is a historical structure that has been employed for various purposes in the literature of a variety of Irish authors. The Big House as a symbol of wealth and social status in Ireland is associated pre-eminently with the Anglo-Irish. The Big Houses of Ireland are very important to gain any understanding of the political, economic and social developments in Ireland between the seventeenth and twentieth centuries. Some historical as well as literary interpretations are very controversial - because of the controversial role of the Anglo-Irish community in Ireland. In real life an Anglo-Irish Big House was the home of and represented the wealth and power of the Anglo-Irish community and their supreme authority over the local community. Anglo-Irish "big house" dwellers were the personification of the ch asm between the native Catholic Irish people and their colonizers, the Protestant Englishmen. The "big house" novel is not purely Anglo-Irish concept. Ireland has a long history - Celtic and Gaelic tribes lived in the island already centuries before the English or other occupants came. The same happened in many places in the world - America, Canada, Africa and even in the Baltic States. Conquerors came, saw and took the land and power. Occupants seem to adopt a similiar pattern of behaviour everywhere. When they come, they ... ...th an Introduction by Kathryn J. Kilpatrick. New York: Penguin, 1993 Graham, Colin.,,History, Gender amd the Colonial Moment: Castle Rackrent," in Irish Studies Review (No. 14: 1996, spring) Johnston, Jennifer. How many Miles to Babylon? London: Penguin Books, 1988 Kiberd, Declan. Inventing Ireland: The Literature of the Modern Nation. London: Jonathan Cape Ltd., 1995 Mcmanus, Karen.,,Prodding Republicanism," in Fortnight (1995, April): 36-37. http://digital.library.upenn.edu/women/lawless/edgeworth/edgeworth.htm http://www.local.ie/literature/ http://www.irishwriters-online.com Irish Novels Essay -- Comparative Literature ."..for we have rights drawn from the soil and sky; the use, the pace, the patient years of labour, ... this is our country also, nowhere else; and we shall not be outcast on the world." John Hewitt, The Colony For many years the Big House in Ireland was very important. In an agrarian society, the estate system formed a backdrop for the economy and culture of the island. The Anglo-Irish Big House is a historical structure that has been employed for various purposes in the literature of a variety of Irish authors. The Big House as a symbol of wealth and social status in Ireland is associated pre-eminently with the Anglo-Irish. The Big Houses of Ireland are very important to gain any understanding of the political, economic and social developments in Ireland between the seventeenth and twentieth centuries. Some historical as well as literary interpretations are very controversial - because of the controversial role of the Anglo-Irish community in Ireland. In real life an Anglo-Irish Big House was the home of and represented the wealth and power of the Anglo-Irish community and their supreme authority over the local community. Anglo-Irish "big house" dwellers were the personification of the ch asm between the native Catholic Irish people and their colonizers, the Protestant Englishmen. The "big house" novel is not purely Anglo-Irish concept. Ireland has a long history - Celtic and Gaelic tribes lived in the island already centuries before the English or other occupants came. The same happened in many places in the world - America, Canada, Africa and even in the Baltic States. Conquerors came, saw and took the land and power. Occupants seem to adopt a similiar pattern of behaviour everywhere. When they come, they ... ...th an Introduction by Kathryn J. Kilpatrick. New York: Penguin, 1993 Graham, Colin.,,History, Gender amd the Colonial Moment: Castle Rackrent," in Irish Studies Review (No. 14: 1996, spring) Johnston, Jennifer. How many Miles to Babylon? London: Penguin Books, 1988 Kiberd, Declan. Inventing Ireland: The Literature of the Modern Nation. London: Jonathan Cape Ltd., 1995 Mcmanus, Karen.,,Prodding Republicanism," in Fortnight (1995, April): 36-37. http://digital.library.upenn.edu/women/lawless/edgeworth/edgeworth.htm http://www.local.ie/literature/ http://www.irishwriters-online.com

Case Study Of Severe Behavioural Problems Education Essay

Child X is in the Year One category of a Primary School which is close to her place. Child X is one of eight kids, some live with their aunty and the remainder live in the same house with their female parent and male parent. The kid ‘s male parent is a dual leg amputee, his first leg was removed before Child X was born and since Child X was born he has had the other leg removed, every bit good as a pollex. The female parent is out most eventides socializing with friends and leaves the kids at place with the male parent. They moved onto a local council estate merely as Child X was born, they moved from another council estate in the country. There is small everyday in the house, packed tiffins non being made, tubing of chip given to the kid for their dinner etc. Home reading books are non given to take place as they are non brought back or are brought back damaged. Social Services are to a great extent involved with the household every bit good as the staff at school. There is a batch of inquiry over the hygiene of the kids, frequent caput lice, same leotardss etc for the whole hebdomad. Attendance and promptness of the kid are above norm with Child X being in school or on clip 18 out of 20 five yearss which is above the norm for the category. There is no fright in Child X, effects do non work, the instructor confirmed this ; detailing effects that have been tried in the yesteryear. Child X has numeracy aid every twenty-four hours where a group of six kids are taken out to a little schoolroom and are given excess support with their work. This besides happens on a Monday where they are taken for societal skills/ raising. There is no parental engagement with the kid ‘s school work, when the reading book was allowed place it was non read and besides prep, when given, is non brought back, there should be no inquiry as to stationary non being available as the kids are provided with pencils, gum elastics and coloring crayons. Steer, 2009, â€Å" Evidence suggests that parental engagement in the early old ages helps a kid develop secure fond regards, assisting them to set up personal and learning accomplishments. Parents demoing involvement in their kid ‘s instruction by speaking to them on a regular basis about thei r advancement appear to hold a considerable consequence their result. † ( Steer, 2009, pg 54 ) As this does non go on with Child X there is a clear apprehension as to why Child Ten is demoing limited to minimum patterned advance during school. It is besides apparent that this has besides affected the attachment bond with the kid, with no accomplishments being transferred from the parents to Child X. Observations in the schoolroom aid to understand the kid more as it is possible for the perceiver to see what the triggers are with the kid. Assorted observations were done on the kid at assorted times ; the observations are included in the appendix. The first of the observations was of Child X during a rug activity ( Appendices A ) with the category, 28 kids and four grownups. The kid was observed during the lesson speaking out of bend, non seting their manus up, even though there is a posting reminding the kids to set their manus up. Rogers and McPherson, 2008, pg 12, suggests that a posting be used, â€Å" A ocular posting cue can help kids ‘s short term memory here. The posting is displayed on the board, able to be seen by all kids. It illustrates how kids have their manus up ( without naming out or clicky fingers. ) † Although this method does work with the other kids in the category, it does non work with Child X ; the posting was seeable to the kid during the lesson. During the lesson the kid was besides swaying backwards and forwards on the rug which was interrupting the kids that wanted to larn. The 2nd observation was whilst the kid was playing with a little sum of kids ( Appendices B ) during this clip the kid was observed non fall ining in conversation with the other kids, even though this was to the full expected and encouraged from myself. Under the Independent reappraisal of the primary course of study Rose, 2009, pg 77, suggests that kids are to be taught a scope of societal and emotional accomplishments this is because these accomplishments are used a great trade in the instruction of the kids and their development. Besides during the observation the kid snatched from another kid and was really aggressive when making so this could be to make with competition and attending seeking at place, â€Å" A common description of such nuisance or attention- seeking behavior is: They fidget, tap swayers, pencils or pess, whistling or sing showily, swing on chair tipped perilously rearward, roam around the room, crawl about under desks, bit others ‘ books and pencils. â⠂¬  ( Cooper, 1999, pg 165. ) Child X displayed a batch of these behaviors during this clip ; this could be to make with the sum of kids in the house and the competition. During the observation of the kid during play clip during their dinner hr ( Appendices C ) Child C was observed to be looking dark and disquieted whilst coloring in with her friend when another kid come over to the tabular array to color in. Duffy, 2003, pg 15 describes how a kid is seen to be saturnine, disengaged and bemused this is because a kid ‘s choler has been curbed. Child X was besides observed to preferring to stay entirely, on the quietest tabular array, the kid besides stated that they prefer to and make play on their ain at place. Harmonizing to Schaefer and O'Connor1994, pg 396, â€Å" The lone wolf kid is more frequently on of the younger kids in the household. This kid is born into a household system with no topographic point to suit. This kid cowers from the behavior of the troubled kid and withdraws into a universe of phantasy, books and animate beings. † This is appropriate as Child X is amongst seven other kids and is amongst the youngest of the kids with two other kids being younger. There is once more an apprehension that this could be because Child X has to attending seek and be amongst a batch of competition at place so now shadows from others in order to no hold to make so. However this is non good for her instruction, â€Å" Classmate support, friendly socializing with schoolmates is believed to act upon pupils ‘ satisfaction with school because it may foster the demand for relatedness. In add-on to beef uping the bonding between pupils, positive pupil interaction may foster pupils ‘ demand for competency and liberty through a shared focal point on larning activities. † Danielsen, 2009, pg 305 if Child X defers from socializing with other kids so the satisfaction with school is degraded and the acquisition is so decreased. During the observation of the kid before traveling place ( Appendices D ) the most imperative behavior that was observed was the ceaseless reverie before traveling place, this was besides observed at other times, this affects their acquisition, â€Å" Similarly, a kid ‘s reverie, passiveness and under- public presentation in the schoolroom could be dissocialise behaviour, or the consequence of limited intelligence and failure to grok due to traumatic, nervous tract disorganization. † ( Hughes and Archer, 2003, pg 137 ) The woolgathering demands to be looked at in order to derive some schemes to control this and heighten Child X ‘s acquisition in the schoolroom and encouragement intelligence. Child X was observed during their mathematics lesson which was in a little schoolroom with six other kids ( Appendices E ) during this lesson the kids are given a biscuit if they have non eaten, Child X misled the instructor by stating that they had non eaten even though they had. Lewis and Saarni, 1993, pg 93 describe the behavior of the kids when they lie about nutrient, â€Å" Children are non stupid nor are they foolish. After merely one or two interactions like this, the kid discovers that if she admits to eating the cooky she will be punished. She lies to avoid the penalty. † Child X lied to avoid the penalty of eating a biscuit when she had already eaten. The childhood experiences have affected Child X ‘s societal and emotional development in a terrible manner, which is imperative to their acquisition and development, â€Å" Childhood is a important phase in physical, rational and psychosocial development, so kids with mental wellness jobs can fight with their instruction, societal accomplishments, general wellness and friendly relationships. † ( Honeyman, 2007, pg 39 ) Child X is amongst a larger than mean household and this could impact her societal and emotional accomplishments for a assortment of grounds, as described by Lask and Lask, 1982, pg17, â€Å" The most likely accounts are than in big households the parents have less clip to pass with each kid and so may supply less stimulation and instruction. Further, big households tend to be more disorganised, and so both verbal interchange and subject could be inconsistent and baffled. Finally, strife and inharmoniousness in big households are more likely. † As Child X is portion of a large household there is less clip for the parents to pass clip with her, which is decreasing the opportunity for societal interaction between parents and kid. This is besides impacting the kid ‘s behavior as subject is more than probably kept to a minimal due to chaos in the house as there is a deficiency of modus operandi. Jardine, 2008, [ Online ] explains that a kid who is raised in a larger househol ds benefits with their societal and emotional accomplishments this is because they learn new accomplishments, â€Å" Children from larger households get into fewer battles, and are better at doing and maintaining friends. Through holding siblings, kids learn empathy, squad playing, satisfaction postponement, time-management and how to decide differences. † As Child X is in a bigger household so she should hold learnt emotional and societal accomplishments that will profit her in her educational scene and in her approaching life. Chid X has besides grown up with her male parent being a dual leg amputee, this certainly will hold effected her emotional development in a positive manner, Rogers believes that holding a parent who is disabled strengthens a kid ‘s emotions, â€Å" Some kids with a handicapped parent were asked what strengths they got from holding a handicapped parent and the responses included doggedness and inventiveness. † ( Rogers, 2005, pg 71 ) Child X will hold built the emotional accomplishments to be able to persist in things she does as she will hold seen her male parent do so with his disablement. However it is unknown for Child X to demo the accomplishments of inventiveness in the schoolroom where there has been a batch of chance to make so. However Byng-Hall considers that kids who live with a handicapped parent may bottle up a batch of choler and may show it at any clip, â€Å" A kid might get down to show the feelings of the handicapped parent or those of the parent who mi ght now experience trapped by their handicapped spouse. A kid may give blowhole to the choler, defeat, and depression which are his or her household ‘s every bit good as his or her ain. † ( Byng- Hall, 1998, pg 266 Having observed and worked with Child X for many months I believe that Byng- Hall is right with the emotions of the kid being angry and defeated, this is due to many possibilities of lost chances due to the male parent being in a wheelchair and the evident deficiency of the female parent in the eventide. These feelings are halting Child Ten from developing both emotional and in her instruction. Not merely have Child X ‘s earlier and current experiences effected her emotional and societal development they besides are impacting her acquisition whilst in the schoolroom. The first 1 is the nutrition of the kid, no breakfast is given usually and when it is ; it usually consists of a package or tubing of chip non part controlled. This is impacting Child X ‘s acquisition in the schoolroom as deemed by Gurian, Henley and Trueman, 2001, pg 86 â€Å" If a five twelvemonth old is under emotional emphasis, she has great trouble commanding herself or larning. If she is under emotional emphasis, the same is true. † As Child X has no breakfast some yearss this could be a factor into the deficiency of acquisition and in-put from the kid. However Child X does sometimes hold a breakfast of chip or Sweets which is under some contention with some practicians believing that kids holding fast nutrient for their breakfast additions their consequences when making scrutinies, cou ld this hike their acquisition in the schoolroom every bit good, â€Å" When given a pre-exam, fast-food tiffin, which contained eight per cent more Calories than usual, the kids ‘s classs were, on norm, seven per cent higher for maths and history, and four per cent for English. † ( Hoe, 2005, [ online ] ) There is a figure of statistics that show that devouring fast nutrient does assist to better a kid ‘s scrutiny consequences, nevertheless this would non be approved by the regulating organic structures for kids to eat fast nutrient everyday to better consequences. This is because there is much research into the apprehension that eating fast nutrient and nutrients which contain high Numberss of additives are factors towards a kid ‘s behavior, â€Å" Diets high in processed nutrients are doing bad behavior and larning troubles in kids, scientists have warned. They claim debris nutrient stops the encephalon from working decently, taking to underachievement a nd a host of upsets. † Hope, 2005, [ online ] During some of the observations Child X was seen to be twenty-four hours woolgathering during the rug work and on occasion during independent work and at place clip Brandell describes how certain types of kids can on occasion ‘go into ‘ a reverie and non pay attending to what is go oning, â€Å" For illustration misss tend to hold more jobs with attendings and may prosecute in reverie, may hold trouble treating information and following waies, or may be diffident and withdrawn. Girls with hyperactivity can by and large be hyper talkative. † ( Brandell, 2010, pg 303 ) Brandell looks at the procedure of woolgathering as a symptom of a kid with ADD or ADHD, and that the kid will be slow at treating the information. However Fries, 2009, [ Online ] believes that kids who do reveries are in fact intelligent and imaginative, â€Å" For the most portion, kids are natural, fecund, and happy woolgatherers, and the procedure plays an of import function in their development l ives. Too frequently, nevertheless, parents and instructors are speedy to label reverie as a symptom of an Attention Deficit Disorder or the mark of a shirker in the devising. A new survey finds that â€Å" positive-constructive † reverie, even when heavy in form, is non related to psychological upsets as some have antecedently thought, but instead is a normal activity that reflects the woolgatherer ‘s inventive inclinations and enjoyment of woolgathering. † When detecting Child X woolgathering she seemed to be in a happy reverie instead than a chilling or withdrawing dream. However as with Brandell Child X displays jobs with attending, finds it hard to follow instructions and can look to be withdrawn when around other kids. French friess on the other manus has looked at this on a more neuro-scientifical manner instead than diagnostically. There is there neuroscience theory of a kid ‘s behavior and so there is besides the fond regard theory which does impact the manner a kid behavior and learns in the schoolroom. â€Å" Harmonizing to fond regard theory our first relationship with our carers acts as a womb-to-tomb templet, modeling and determining our capacity to come in into, and maintain, successful subsequent relationships with household, friends and spouses. It is believed that these early and powerful experiences with the people who foremost looked after us will determine our long-run emotional well-being. † ( Hall, 2007, [ online ] ) Having observed and worked with Child X for some clip it has come to my cognition that she does hold symptoms of reactive fond regard upset these being, † Young kids may look withdrawn and passive. They may disregard others or react to others in uneven ways. Some may look excessively familiar with aliens and touch or cleaving to people they ‘ve merely met. Ho wever, they lack empathy for others. Their behavior comes across to others as needy and strange, unlike the normal friendliness of kids. Other symptoms of reactive fond regard upset in kids can include the undermentioned: inability to larn from errors ( hapless cause-and-effect thought ) larning jobs or holds in acquisition, unprompted behavior, unnatural address forms, destructive or barbarous behavior † ( Bower, 2010 [ online ] ) Child X displays many of these symptoms in the schoolroom, this could be a factor to the behavioral issues that have happened in the schoolroom. Even though attachment upsets are produced during the early phases of a kid ‘s life, it stays with them throughout their life and affects the people that they meet from instructors, foremans friends and future spouses. As Child X ‘s male parent was in and out of infirmary during the early portion of her childhood, there was small bond formed with both Child Ten and her male parent, which could hold a large impact on the kid ‘s instruction. However Bowlby implies that the primary health professional and the individual most receptive to making a bond is the female parent, â€Å" The implicit in premise of Bowlby ‘s Maternal Deprivation Hypothesis is that continual break of the fond regard between baby and primary health professional ( i.e. female parent ) † Simply Psychology, 2010, [ online ] Even though a male parent can lend to the upbringing of the kid, Bowlby believes that male parent is non a chief subscriber and so is non a primary health professional and so will non organize a bond and her fond regard and behavior will be challenged throughout her life. However upon looking at the behavior of Child X farther, their behaviour tantrums more with a kid who has Avoidant upset fond regard. â€Å" Extreme shyness, particularly while confronting a new state of affairs, hypersensitivity to unfavorable judgment, rejection and other negative appraisal, Avoidance of societal every bit good as occupational interaction and activities, particularly if they require interpersonal contact, Low self-pride, ego abhorrence and a sense of insufficiency and lower status, Fantasying about the state of affairss that they normally avoid in world, Keeping a certain distance even in confidant relationship, for the fright of being ridiculed. † Bora, 2010, [ on-line ] Child X shows many of these behaviors in the schoolroom and other environments in the school with a assortment of people within the environment. The avoidant fond regard is imperative to the deficiency of parents that were and are around whilst Child X is turning up, the male parent being i n infirmary and the female parent socialization, there is besides a figure of other kids who may take up a batch of attending from both parents. As we as organizing an fond regard with their health professional, Learning Theories, 2010, [ on-line ] understands that kids need a assortment of different facets fulfilled in their life to develop in life and in their instruction such things are, for the kid to hold a sense of worth, achievement, and regard for others and belongings it besides includes attention for others, familiarities and ownerships, etc. There are many other demands that are needed for the kid to take a successful and content life and instruction, upon looking at the demands Child Ten seems to be unfortunate to non run into them all, such as holding a sense of worth and non taking ownership of their ain work which is indispensable in their instruction. However as this country of demands is at the top of the ‘pyramid ‘ it could be seen as Child X has non progressed to that degree, although it is possible that she may non come on with limited to no construction in her place life the safety needs country are non being met as this requires way and permanency, with no organisation and the parents being in and out of the house the kid may non derive a sense and apprehension of this. On the other manus there is besides and understanding that each kid starts at the underside and must come on through each phase singly, though some of the demands do consequence some of the other demands and so they can run into these accordingly which Maslow believes should non go on, so is this truly the best theory to look at and for educational leaders to follow? It is more realistic to look at the consequence that Bowlby ‘s fond regard theory has on a kid ‘s instruction, life and behavior as the manner a kid builds relationships holds a great trade of duty on the manner a kid ‘s life is structured. This is because if a kid feels loved and safe in their environment they feel content there is no demand for the battle or flight response as they are comfy in their life. Looking at the theory of Maslow ‘s hierarchy of demands there is jobs and defects with the manner a kid understands and develops those accomplishments and many of the accomplishments learnt throughout a homo ‘s life are needed during the earl phases and throughout the educational development phase. Looking at Child X ‘s behavior there is an apprehension that it has effects on her instruction and societal development within school. Child X has legion behavioral jobs nevertheless there are four imperative behaviors that are impacting her instruction. The first of these is the deficiency of regard and apprehension of the world that her behavior has effects whether it is good or bad ; Child X does non respond to effects whether it involves remaining in a playday or the loss of ‘golden clip ‘ . The school besides hosts a traffic visible radiation system ( Appendices F ) which does non ensue in set uping Child X ‘s behavior. Child X besides has behavioral issues when making rug work within the whole category, behavioral issues during this clip are ill-disciplined as the work done at this clip help the kid ‘s independent work subsequent to the rug work. If Child X is acting in a hard manner it is deflecting herself from larning every bit good as the other kids who are besides sat on the rug, besides the instructor ‘s attending is focused on her instead than other kids who may be fighting with understanding the work. The behavior that besides affects Child X ‘s acquisition is the attending seeking from the kid from both the instructor and the instruction helper ‘s in the category. After looking into the affair of the attending seeking it has come to my cognition that the behavior of Child X could besides be related to enduring from Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder ( ADHD ) Mellor and Weymont, 1997, pg 19 discusses the indicants of a kid with ADHD, â€Å" As a really unsmooth manner of separating the two we can concentrate on the hyperactivity facets of ADHD and attending seeking. The kid who displays a great trade of activity in the category as a manner of obtaining attending will about surely be happy to settle to work rather calmly with the instructor 1:1. If the kid continues to fidget and travel all the clip and you suspect ADHD discuss this with your particular needs co-ordinator and school medical officer. † However Child X will fidget when working one to one with a instructor it is no different to those who have acceptable behavior in the schoolroom so ADHD will non be a immense factor in the schemes that will be attempted with Child X. The concluding important behavioral issues is the deficiency of socialization accomplishments from Child X with the other kids, the societal accomplishments are needed for the kids to develop in their educational scene this is verified by an article by Garner, 2001, [ online ] which states, â€Å" Teachers ‘ leaders warn that a turning figure of students are geting for their first twenty-four hours at school without the societal accomplishments they need to acquire by. David Hart, the general secretary of the National Association of Head Teachers, said: â€Å" I ‘m non in the least surprised about the figures. They show primary school caputs are holding to cover with a turning figure of kids from dysfunctional households, and it is clearly non sensible to maintain students in school who are damaging the instruction of others. † The societal accomplishments are needed from each kid to guarantee that there are no dissensions in the category and that the kids can set about merely group treatments without impacting the instruction of the other kids. Child X has great trouble keeping friendly relationships and upholding and holding a position during treatments with the other kids in the category, which in many ways is doing schoolroom rifts which are taking to the instructor taking clip out of a lesson to discourse the issues and effects of such clangs. Now that we have defined the behavioral issues of Child X and the effects on her instruction, it is now clip to look at the schemes that could be used within the educational scene which can so besides be used at place I shall look at these in a critical manner looking at how they could be seen more as a hinderance instead than a aid to her instruction. The first scheme I shall look at is the deficiency of consequence that countenances have in Child X, nevertheless Porter, 2008, pg 9 believes in a strategy which does non affect rebuke or inducement for kids ‘s behavior in the schoolroom. She believes that kids should be taught behavior as such like a normal course of study lesson in the schoolroom, utilizing the same methods and resources as you would for any other lesson. On the other manus Wagner, 2002, pg 85 illustrates how wagess can excite kids in the schoolroom, â€Å" Children like wagess, which keep their enthusiasm and willingness steady, † Like Wagner I do belie ve that wagess help to enthuse and promote the students to act in the right mode, but as seen with Child X such wagess do non change the manner in which she behaves. Child Ten does hold fostering on a Monday with a Particular Support Assistant along with five other kids, upon treatment with the SSA it is evident that Child X is doing slow patterned advance, but is finally doing advancement, this could be the method of learning kids good behavior that Porter was proposing to make instead than wagess and penalty. One scheme that has been research to battle the behavioral issues whilst Child X is making rug work, with the remainder of the category ; is tactically disregarding the kid. Rogers, 2007, pg 144 examines the usage of tactically disregarding the kid, â€Å" Tactically disregarding each pupil who calls out while reacting to those utilizing the custodies up regulation. Tactical ignoring is merely helpful if the pupils really sense that the instructor is conveying a message about selective attending to allow behavior. † Ignoring the naming out of Child X may trip her to set her manus up when she wants to reply or inquire a inquiry ; on the other manus tactically disregarding a kid can be seen as a negative in the schoolroom as Westwood explains, â€Å" While it is common to see the frequence of unwanted behavior in a kid as something to cut down, it is more positive to see the non- disruptive ( appropriate ) behaviors as something to honor and therefore addition. It is a aureate regulation to be much more positive and encouraging than be critical and negative in interactions with pupils. † ( Westwood, 2002, pg 73 ) Westwood examines how instead than merely disregarding the awkward behavior as Rogers suggests making, instructors should unite this with positive remarks and praising the kid for the right behavior. Wagess could besides be used, but as examined earlier Child X does non respond to wagess in the schoolroom. There are many schemes to contend the attending seeking behavior that Child X shows such as, â€Å" 1. Give the pupil a place of duty in the schoolroom and promote him/her to put a good illustration for others ( e.g. , go throughing out documents ) .2. Post a chart in the forepart of the room defining the regulations to be followed when reacting. For illustration: 1. Raise your manus if you wish to speak. 2. Wait to be called on. 3. Listen while others talk. 3. Delegate the pupil a particular undertaking of involvement and allow him/her show the study to the class.4. Ignore the pupil ‘s raging remarks, but give congratulations when the pupil describes his/her existent accomplishments. † ( Teacher Vision, 2010, [ online ] ) Again concentrating on the instructor is to disregard the behavioral jobs from the kid ; there is a farther issue with this, which may take to the kid ‘s behavior exasperating, â€Å" Likewise, merely disregarding kids ‘s early riotous beh avior and offending is linked to continued and more serious piquing over clip. † ( Cipriani, 2009, pg 162 ) As Cipriani suggests the bad behavior should be made clear to the kid that it is un-acceptable behavior ; this will do clear that such behaviors will non be tolerated in the schoolroom. The concluding behavioral issue that needs farther intercession is the deficiency of societal accomplishments displayed by Child X, presently there is in topographic point a particular session where Child X is taken out of the category to travel to a raising group with some other kids, this last for an hr and it helps kids to heighten their societal and anger direction accomplishments. There are studies which show that kids in a raising group have their societal accomplishments and life accomplishments dramatically improved, â€Å" The input is intense – congratulations and encouragement are changeless – and the wagess are high. The London borough of Enfield has had raising groups since 1981, and now has 13, which it supports with preparation. A survey here in the Nineties showed that 83 per cent of kids who had been supported in a raising group were able to later map in the schoolroom without extra aid, compared to merely 55 per cent of kids with similar jobs who had non had the raising group experience. † ( Wiles, 2007, online ) There are beaming statistics at that place to inform those of the great aid that kids in a raising group receive, nevertheless there is histories of the raising groups increasing the bad behavior of the kids, â€Å" There are for illustration, studies of really hard raising groups which really reach a crescendo of bad behavior before quieting down and consolidating † ( Barnes, 1999, pg 103 ) As the raising session is in the early phases, it would be more beneficially to let Child X to go on in the categories and supervise her betterment and development. There are future developments in the schoolroom go arounding around the societal accomplishments country harmonizing to OECD, 2010, pg 213 â€Å" I remember being really impressed at the clip by the fact that instructor trainees in pattern learning non merely has to hold a curricular and didactic apprehension of how they were traveling to learn but besides needed to demo an elaborate and good developed program about how they were traveling to work with a specific diverse category to heighten societal coherence in the schoolroom and to learn pro societal values and societal accomplishments. † The writer has seen trainee instructors in other states larning how to affect societal accomplishments into their instruction and to use any available resources. There are programs to convey such instructions over to England in the approaching old ages ; this would let kids such as Child X to derive and spread out such accomplishments whilst in the schoolroom instead than for them to be taken out of the schoolroom. Having observed Child X at assorted occasions and produced a instance survey, it was effortless to happen out the behaviors that were unacceptable. It was besides looked into as to how Child X ‘s early life experience have effected and go on to consequence her instruction and her societal and emotional development. There was besides the research into how Bowlby ‘s fond regard theory could hold besides made Child X ‘s behaviour improper and explicate the deficiency of societal accomplishments. Having been able to understand the consequent behaviors displayed by Child X it was so gettable to develop schemes that could be used in the schoolroom to assist discourage the behavioral issues ; this was done in a critical manner. After looking at the schemes critically it was clear that there was no definite scheme to assist Child X, although there are future developments into instructors being able to affect societal accomplishments into course of study lessons. 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